Static routing ialah sebuah konsep jaringan yang penting yang melibatkan konfigurasi rute secara manual pada router. Rute ini mengarahkan perutean ke tujuan jaringan tertentu dan memiliki administrative distance (AD) 1, yang menjadikannya sangat tepercaya, nomor dua setelah rute yang terhubung secara langsung AD 0.
¶ Systax
R1(config)#ip route [network-address] [subnet-mask] ([next-hop-ip] [exit-int])
- network-address: Network Tujuan
- subnet-mask: subnet mask network tujuan
- next-hop-ip: IP address dari next hop network tujuan.
- exit-int: interface dari next hop network tujuan.
¶ Tipe static route
¶ Default Static Route
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 ([next-hop-ip] [exit-int])
Default route statis digunakan ketika tidak ada route lain yang cocok dengan alamat IP tujuan. Ini akan menjadi rute pilihan terakhir.
¶ Floating static route
R1(config)#ip route [network-address] [subnet-mask] ([next-hop-ip] [exit-int]) [AD]
Floating static route adalah rute cadangan dengan administrative distance yang lebih tinggi, sehingga membuatnya jadi rute cadangan jika rute utama gagal.
¶ Topologi
¶ Konfigurasi
Berikan IP pada masing masing interface sesuai topologi. lalu kita dapat konfigurasi static ip pada masing masing router:
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.2
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.2
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.12.1
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.1
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.2
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.2
¶ Testing
Bisa kita cek table routing pada masing masing router
R1#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2
192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.12.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
S 192.168.13.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2
R1#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
192.168.1.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L 192.168.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2
192.168.12.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.12.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
S 192.168.13.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.12.2
R3#show ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.13.2
192.168.2.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
L 192.168.2.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1
S 192.168.12.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.13.2
192.168.13.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 192.168.13.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 192.168.13.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
Terakhir kita bisa cek koneksi antar PC1 - PC0
C:\>ping 192.168.2.2
Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms